In many cases, income remains tax-free because it is below the basic tax-free amount. For example, a basic allowance of 9,408 euros applies to tax class I this year. If the total earnings are below the basic tax-free amount, the taxpayer receives a full refund of the taxes initially withheld by filing an income tax return. However, if one is employed in a so-called 450-euro job, flat-rate tax rates apply, which are paid by the employer. These cannot be claimed retrospectively from the tax office. It is worth taking a close look and checking whether a 450-euro job as a holiday job makes sense from a tax point of view.
The current tip "Temporary jobs for school pupils and students" from the Ministry of Finance provides up-to-date information on the subject. The tip can be downloaded from the Ministry's homepage or here.